Kuboneza urubyaro mu Rwanda: Ukuri,Imibare n’Ibyo Urubyiruko RugombaKumenya.

Kuboneza urubyaro (contraception) ni imwe mu nzira zikomeye cyane zifasha mu kurengera
ubuzima no guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’urubyiruko n’imiryango. Mu Rwanda, aho
abasaga 60% by’abaturage bafite munsi y’imyaka 25 (RDHS 2020), kubona amakuru nyayo
n’ubufasha bwizewe ni ingenzi cyane. Nyamara, ibihuha n’ibibazo bitabonerwa ibisubizo
biracyabuza benshi, cyane cyane urubyiruko, kwitabira serivisi z’ubuzima bw’imyororokere.

1. Ni ubuhe buryo bukora neza kurusha ubundi?
   Ukuri ni uko nta buryo bumwe bwonyine bukora kimwe kubantu bose. Uburyo bwiza
   bushingira ku buzima bw’umuntu, imyaka ye, uko abayeho n’ubushake bwe.
   Nk’uko byagaragajwe na Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS 2020), uburyo
   bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda ni:
   ● Inshinge (Depo-Provera): Bukorwa na 27% by’abagore, bukamara amezi 3 kandi
   bukaba bunoze cyane.
   ● Implants: Bukorwa na 14%, bukamara imyaka 3–5.
   ● Ibinini: Bukorwa na 7%, ariko bisaba gufatwa buri munsi.
   ● Udukingirizo: Bukunda gukoreshwa cyane n’urubyiruko, kandi ni bwo bwonyine burinda
   inda n’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs) icyarimwe.
   ● IUDs n’uburyo burambye (sterilization): Bukaba bukoreshwa ku rugero ruto ariko
   bufite umutekano mwinshi.

Mu bijyanye n’imikorere, Udupira two mu kuboko, inshinge n’udupira two mu mura nibyo
bikora neza cyane, bifasha kurinda gusama ku gipimo cya hejuru ya 99% iyo bikoreshejwe
neza. Ariko kandi, udukingirizo nubwo tutagira umutekano urenze uwo, ni bwo buryo bwonyine
burinda n’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

2. Ese kuboneza urubyaro bitera kubura urubyaro (infertility)?

Ibi ni ibihuha bikunze kugaruka. Ukuri ni uko kuboneza urubyaro bidatera kubura urubyaro
burundu.
Ubushakashatsi n’amabwiriza ya OMS/WHO bigaragaza ko uburumbuke busubira mu buryo
busanzwe nyuma yo guhagarika uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro:
● Ku nshinge, bishobora gufata amezi make (6–12) kugira ngo imisemburo isubire ku
murongo neza, umuntu ashobore gusama ariko ntibigira ingaruka za burundu.
● Ku binini, udupira two mu kaboko, n’udupira two mu mura, uburumbuke ubusubirana ako
kanya nyuma yo guhagarika ubwo buryo.

Mu Rwanda, inzobere mu buzima zivuga ko kubura urubyaro bikunze guterwa n’indwara
zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zitavuwe, gukuramo inda mu buryo budatekanye,
cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ubuzima muri rusange.

3. Ni ryari umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu atangira gukoresha uburyo bwo
   kuboneza urubyaro?

Hashingiwe ku itegeko rishya ry’ubuzima bw’imyororokere (2025), umuntu wujuje imyaka
15 kuzamura afite uburenganzira bwo kubona serivisi zose zo kuboneza urubyaro nta
ruhushya rw’ababyeyi cyangwa abishingizi.
Abaganga bemeza ko kuboneza urubyaro ari umutekano ku bangavu n’ingimbi. Guhitamo
uburyo bukoreshwa biterwa n’uko umuntu abayeho:
● Udukingirizo n’ibinini bishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe gito.
● Uburyo burambye nka nk’udupira two mu mura no mu kaboko nabwo burizewe kandi
bushobora gutangwa ku rubyiruko rukeneye gukoresha uburyo burambye.

4. Uko imibare ihagaze mu Rwanda
   U Rwanda rwateye intambwe nini mu kuboneza urubyaro:
   ● Ikoreshwa ry’uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro mu bagore bashatse byazamutse biva
   kuri 17% mu 2005 bigera kuri 58% mu 2020 (RDHS).
   ● Gusa inda ziterwa abangavu ziracyari ikibazo, kuko 7% by’abakobwa b’imyaka
   15–19 baba batwite cyangwa barabyaye.
   ● Urubyiruko, cyane cyane mu byaro, ruracyafite ikibazo cyo kudahabwa serivisi kubera
   isoni, gucibwa intege cyangwa impungenge zo kutabikirwa ibanga.

Ibi byose bigaragaza ko nubwo intambwe yatewe, serivisi zihereye ku rubyiruko kandi
zizewe zikenewe kurushaho.

5. Impamvu ari ingenzi
   Kuboneza urubyaro si ukwizirika gusa ku kwirinda gusama, ni ugutanga ubushobozi bwo
   kugenzura ubuzima, amashuri n’ejo hazaza ku rubyiruko. Iyo urubyiruko rufite amahitamo:
   ● Rugira amahirwe yo gusoza amashuri no kwinjira mu bukungu.
   ● Rugira umutekano wo kwirinda gukuramo inda mu buryo budatekanye.
   ● Rugira ubushobozi bwo kwirinda indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
   ● Rwubaka imiryango ikomeye kandi yizewe.

Umwanzuro

Kuboneza urubyaro ni ubuzima. Nta buryo bumwe bwiza ku bantu bose, uburyo bwiza ni
ubuhuye n’umubiri w’umuntu. Uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro ntibutera kubura urubyaro, kandi
kuva ku myaka 15 kuzamura, urubyiruko mu Rwanda rufite uburenganzira bwo gufata aya
mahitamo mu ibanga no mu mutekano.

✍️ Inkuru yanditswe na Dr. Mutimukeye Clarisse, umwe mu bashinze URUNGANO Initiative