DIABETE YO MUGIHE CYO GUTWITA ITERWA N’IKI?

Ni indwara ifata umugore mugihe atwite, ikaragazwa no kwiyongera kw’isukari mu mubiri; bitewe nuko umusemburo wa insulin ushinzwe kugabanya isukari mu mubiri uteri kuvuburwa neza cg umubiri uteri kuwukoresha.

Ikugunze gusuzumwa ikaragara mu gihembwe cya mbere cyo gutwita (mu mezi 3 Yambere).

Irwarwa kukigero kingana gute?

Ni indwara ya diabete ishobora gufata umugore mu gihe cyo gutwita kand iatarasanzwe arwaye diabete. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko byibura hagatiya 2-10%  byabagore batwite barware diabete muri leta zunze ubumwe z’ America.

Ni  bande bafite ibyago byo kuyandura cyane?

• Abagore bari hejura  y’ imyaka  35
• Abantu babyibushye
• Kubahari uwigeze kuyirwara mu muryango
• Umuntu warwayeho ibibyimba  muri  nyababyeyi
• Abantubo mu gice cya aziya  y’ Iburasirazuba  n’amajyepfo
• Kuba warigeze  kugiraho diabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita na mbere.

Haba habaye iki ngo umugore utwite ayirware?

Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara ya diabete yo mugihe cyo gutwita imeze nka diabete y’ikiciro cya kabiri( Diabete type 2) iterwa nuko umusemburo wa insulin uteri kuvuburwa  cg ngo ukoreshwe nu mubiri neza.

Mugihe umugore atwite, umwana aba akeneye isukari kugirango akure bityo hari imisemburo avubura igatuma umubiri ugabanya ikigero cyo kwakiraho cg gukora umusemburo wa insulin bityo isukari ikiyongera mu mubiri . iyo yiyongeye cyane nibyo twita diabete yo mugihe cyo

gutwita.

Iyi diabete bayisuzuma gute?

Ubundi iyi ndwara isuzumwa mugihe umugore afite inda iri hagati y’ibyumweru 24 na 28.

Isizumwa mu buryobu 2:

• 1. Kumara igihe ntakintu cyo kurya no kunywa ufata (fasting glucose test): umugore amara ijoro ryose atariye cg ngo anywe ibintu birimo isukari noneho mu gitondo bagapima ikigero cy’ isukari iri mu maraso. Iyo isukari yo mu mubiri iri kukigero kiri hejuruya 5.1 mmol/l  icyo gihe umugore ashobora kuba arwaye diabete.

• 2. Hari ukunywa isukari nyinshi bagapima uburyo iri gukoreshwa  mu mubiri mu masaha ( Oral glucose tolerance test): umuntu anyway isukari nyinshi (100mg) noneho bapima isukari iri mu mubiri nyuma y’igihe.

Ubundi iyo umugore arwaye nyuma y’ isaha mu maraso haba harimo>10 mmol/l mu isaha cg > 8.5 mmol/l nyuma y’amasaha 2. Ni mugihe umugore muzima we ibipimo bye biba biri hasi y’ibingibi muri icyo gihe.

Ibimenyetso byayo ni ibihe?

Iyi diabete irangwa nibintu bi 4:

• Kugira icyaka gikabije ntayindi ndwara ibyihishe inyuma (polydipsia)
• Kunyaragura buri kanya kdi inkari nyinshi (polyuria)
• Kurya cyane bitewe nuko wumva ushonje cyane cg kugira apeti idasanzwe (polyphagia)
• Kumva hari utuntu tudasanzwe turi kukurya rimwe na rimwe, tumeze nk’ibinya  mu maboko, mu biganza, mu magauru cg mu kirenge (paresthesia)

Icyitonderwa: ibi bimenyetso ntabwo buri mugore urwaye iyi diabete abyerekana buri gihe kuko iyi ndwara akenshi nta bimenyetso ikunda kugaragaza.

Ivurwa ite?

• Mugihe umugore atwite
• Kwita kumirire y’umubyeyi kandi agakora na siporo
• Gufata imiti ivura diabete nka metformin
• Guterwa umusemburo wa insuline
• Kugomeza kugenzura ikigero cy’isukariiri mu mubiri hakoreshejwe akuma kabugenewe (finger prick test) byibura inshuro 4 ku munsi.
• Umwana uko yitabwaho amaze kuvuka
• Kumwongerera umwuka akivuka mugihe bigaragaye ko awukeneye
• Kumwongerera isukari
• Gupima isukari, bilirubine na calicium mu maraso kugirango hatagira ibindi bibazo bivuka.

Ibindi bibazo ishobora gutera

• Kuri mama:
• Umuvuduko ukabije
• Kurwara infection
• Kubyara bamubaze kuberako akenshi abyara umwana munini
• Kugira ibindi bibazo bishingiye kuba isukari yiyongereye mu mubiri
• Kumwana batwite:
• Umwana agira ikibazo cy’ isukari nyinshi bityo akavubura umusemburo wa insulin mwinshi cyane bigatuma umubiri we ukoresha isukari cyane bigatuma akura birengengeje urugero (macrosomia)
• Kwiyongera kw’amazi aba akikikije umwana mu nda ya mama we(polyhyramnious)
• Ishobora gutuma umwana avukana ibindi bibazo bidasanzwe (congenital abonormality).
• Ku mwana wavutse :
• Kubyibuha cyane bikabije.
• Kugira ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi.

UMWANZURO

Bitewe n’uko iyi ndwara ari mbi kandi idakunze kugaragaza ibimenyetso , byaba byiza buri mugore wese utwite uri mu gihembwe cya mbere agiye ajya kwa muganga bakayimusuzuma akamenya uko ahagaze, yasanga ayirwaye agakurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga cg yasanga arimuzima agakurikiza inama ahabwa na muganga kugirango atazayirwara.

Editor:Cyubahiro Karangwa Verite

Editor:Dr MUTIMUKEYE Clarisse