UBUGUMBA NI IKI?

Bimwe mu bibazo bihangayikishije imiryango imwe n’imwe ku isi harimo ikibazo cyo kubura urubyaro “ubugumba” rimwe na rimwe bikanaviramo imwe muri iyo miryango gutandukana iyo batangiye kwitana ba mwana. Ubugumba ni ikibazo cyo kudasama cyangwa kubura urubyaro mu muryango kandi ukora imibonanompuzabitsina idakingiye. Abaganga bemeza ko umugore n’umugabo badashobora kubyara iyo bamaze imyaka ibiri batarasama kandi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye ndetse batanafata imiti yo kuboneza urubyaro. Aha bivuze umugore n’umugabo babana mu buryo buhoraho kandi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina byibura gatatu mu cyumweru.

Ese ubugumba ni ubw’abagore gusa?

Kuva kera ikibazo cy’ubugumba cyagiye kegekwa ku bagore gusa! Nubwo ari bo bakunze gutotezwa bagashinjwa ko aribo batabyara ariko sibo bonyine bagira uruhare iyo urugo rufite ikibazo cyo kutabyara. Abushakashatsi buvuga ko uruhare rwo gutera ubugumba rungana ku bagore no ku bagabo gusa ibi ntibibaho mu buryo busa kandi impamvu ziratandukanye. Ubugumba bushobora guturuka k’umugore cyangwa umugabo bityo mu gihe bibayeho bikaba ari inshingano za buri wese mu gushakira umuti iki kibazo aho kwitana ba mwana.

UBUGUMBA KU BAGORE

Ubugumba ku bagore bufata 40% by’ubugumba buboneka mu miryango. Ubugumba ku bagore kandi burimo amoko abiri:

• Ubugumba bwa mbere bubaho iyo umugore atigeze asama na rimwe cyangwa yarabyaye rimwe agahita agumba burundu.
• Ubugumba bwa kabiri ni igihe umugore akunze gukuramo inda.

Aha rero nibyiza ko umugore amenya igitera bumwe muri ubu bugumba. Umugore ukeka ko afite iki kibazo cyangwa bumwe muri ubu bugumba agomba kwihutira kujya kwa muganga bakamurebera ikibutera.

Zimwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutera ubugumba ku bagore

• Kuziba kw’ imyoborantanga: kimwe cya kane cy’abagore baba ingumba biterwa no kuziba kw’imiyoborantanga yabo bitewe n’indwara zandurira mu mibonanompuzabitsina bityo gusama bikaba bidashoboka kubera intangangabo zibura aho zinjirira ngo zihure n’intanga ngore.
• Imihindagurikire y’ukwezi K’umugore: hari abagore bafite ukwezi guhindagurika bityo akaba atabasha kumenya igihe imihango ye izazira.Hakaba ubwo imihango iza mu kwezi kumwe hagashira nk’andi abiri atarabona indi mihango. Umugore ufite iki kibazo cyangwa afite ukwezi kugufi cyangwa kurekure agomba kwihutira kujya kwa muganga akamugira inama y’uburyo yabyitwaramo kuko bishobora kumuviramo gutinda kubona urubyaro
• Intanga ngore z’ibihuhwe: hari ubwo umugore ashobora kubura urubyaro bitewe nuko adafite intanga ngore cyangwa azifite ariko ari ibihuhwe bityo zikaba zidashobora kuvamo igi rizima igihe zihuye n’intangangabo. Ibi rero igihe bimenyekanye umugore aterwa intanga hanyuma zigahuzwa n’iz’umugabo.
• Indwara: hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zitera ubugumba. Ingero ni Diyabeti, Umwingo,Indwaza z’ibyururizi, za canseri,……Umugore ufite izi ndwara ashobora kubura urubyaro ariko iyo azivujeneza ntakabuza arabyara. Izindi ni indwara zanduririra mu bibonano mpuzabitsina na zo iyo zitavuwe neza zishobora gufunga imiyoborantaga.
• Ururenda: ikindi gishobora gutuma umugore atabyara ni igihe ururenda rwe rudashobora gufasha intanga ngabo kwihuta ngo igere mu murerantanga.
• Ibibazo by’imiterere y’imyanya myibarukiro: kugirango umugore atwite bisaba kuba afite imyanya myibarukiro mizima. Ibibazo bifata iyi myanya bishobora gutera ubugumba. Aha twavuga nk’ibibyimba byo muri nyababyeyi bishobora kubuza itangangabo gutambuka cyangwa urusoro kwarika.
• Ibibazo ku misemburo y’abagore: imisemburo y’umugore nka progesterone na estrogene ifasha byinshi kugirango umugore abashe gusama no gutwita. Urugero ni irekurwa ry’intanga ngore n’ukwezi kumugore byose bigenwa niyo misemburo. Kudakora neza kw’ibice by’umubiri bigena irekurwa ry’iyo misemburo nk’ubwonko biri mu bituma udusabo tudakora intanga bityo bigatera ubugumba
• Imyaka: uko abagore bagenda basaza batakaza ubushobozi bwo gutwita. Ubu bushobozi burangira burundu iyo acuze ageze ku kigero k’imyaka mirongo itanu. Ibi biba bivuze ko nta ntanga aba agisigaranye. Aha rero iyo ashatse umugabo akenshi ntabyara.

UBUGUMBA KU BAGABO

Nkuko tubikesha ijwi ry’Amerika, impuguke mu bibazo by’ubuzima zivuga ko umugore cyangwa se umugabo bashobora kuba ingumba bitewe n’impamvu zinyuranye. Izo mpuguke zihamya ko hafi mirongo ine ku ijana by’ibibazo by’ubugumba mu muryango bituruka ku mugabo. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu zagaragaye ko zitera ubugumba ku bagabo:

• Amasohoro y’umugabo adahagije asubira inyuma aho gusohoka, agizwe n’amazi gusa intanga ari nkeya cyangwa harimo intanga zitagenda.
• Kutavuburwa kw’imisemburo ihagije: kugira ngo habeho gukorwa kw’itangangabo ni uko haba hari imisemburo yavubuwe ituma habaho gukorwa kw’itanga. Iyo imisemburo itavubuwe cyangwa idahagije intanga ntizikorwa uko bikwiriye bityo hakaba habaho ikibazO cy’ubugumba.
• Kudakura kw’imirerantanga: ibi bituma intanga zidakorwa bihagije maze umugabo akaba yaba ingumba.
• Uburwayi Bw’imitsi(Neuropathy) bukomoka ku ndwara ya Diyabete bushobora kuba intandaro y’ubugumba kuko yonona imitsi(nerves) maze umugabo ntashobore gushyukwa mu gihe cyo gutera akabariro ndetse no gusohora
• Indwara y’umwingo yitwa hypothyroidism ijyana no kubyibuha bikabije no guhindagurika kw’imisemburo yo mu mubiri w’umugabo.
• Ubugumba ku bagabo kandi bushobora kuba ari uruhererekane mu muryango cyane cyane icyo gihe umubiri w’umurwayi ntuba ufite ubushobozi bwo gukora amasohoro.
• Kuba nta tembera rihagije ry’amaraso mu mabya na byo bitera ubugumba ku bagabo
• Imibereho: inzoga n’itabi bitera ikibazo mu kuvuburwa kw’imisemburo. Imirire mibi,imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije, imirasire y’izuba nabyo byatera ubugumba.

IMPAMVU ZITURUKA KURI BOMBI

Rimwe na rimwe ikibazo cy’ubugumba gishobora guterwa n’abashakanye bombi. Impamvu z’ituruka ku mugore n’umugabo zitera ibisaga makumyabiri ku ijana by’ubugumba.  Muri izo twavuga: kutabonana hagati y’abashakanye, imibonanompuzabitsina idahagije hagati yabo cyangwa kubonana bagacikiriza hagati batarangije,kwanduzwa n’ibibakikije n’ibindi.

UKO IKIBAZO CY’UBUGUMBA GISUZUMWA

Isuzumwa ry’iki kibazo rireba abashakanye bombi kandi ryibanda ku bice bibiri by’ingenzi:

• Amakuru: abavuzi bibanda ku bibazo birebana n’imyaka y’abashakanye, ubuzima bw’imyororokere, imirire, kuba barigeze kubagwa n’ibindi. Mu buzima bw’imyororokere bibanda ku mibonano mpuzabitsina, kuba abivuza barigeze kubyara cyangwa umwe muribo yarabyigeze cyangwa barigeze bakoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro.
• Ibizamini: ku bagore akenshi harebwa imiterere y’imyanya ndangagitsina hakoreshejwe ibyuma byabugenewe ndetse bagapima n’imisemburo hakoreshejwe amaraso yabo. Ku bagabo hapimwa intanga; umubare wazo ingufu ndetse n’imiterere hifashishijwe gupima amasohoro.

UKO UBUGUMBA BUVURWA

Nkuko twabibonye ubugumba buterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye bityo rero no kubuvura hakoreshwa uburyo butandukanye bitewe n’icyo muganga asanze cyarateje iki kibazo.

• Iyo ubugumba bwatewe n’imisemburo mike hashobora kubaho kongerwa kw’imisemburo bikaba byatuma intanga zikorwa neza. Aha bifashisha imiti yabugenewe mu kongera imisemburo bitewe n’iyo basanze ari mike.
• Iyo byatewe n’ibibyimba byo mu myanya myibarukiro hashobora kubaho kubagwa ikibyimba kikaba cyavanwaho bityo akabasha gutwita.
• Ku mugore ufite ikibazo mu miyoborantanga cyangwa mu mura hashobora gukoreshwa uburyo butandukanye. Ubwa mbere ni ibyo bita In Vitro Fertilisation  aho intanga zihurizwa hanze muri laboratoire nyuma urusoro rukinjizwa muri nyababyeyi umugore agatwita.  Iburyo bwa kabiri ni uburyo bukoreshwa igihe nyababyeyi y’umugore itabasha gukuza umwana; intanga ngore n’intanga ngabo bihurizwa hanze, urusoro rugakurira muri laburatwari rugakora umwana. Ubundi buryo bwa gatatu ni uguhuza intanga ngore n’intanga ngabo maze bagahereza undi mugore ufite nyababyeyi nzima akabatwitira.

Ese ubugumba buravurwa bugakira burundu?

Ubugumba ni ikibazo gishobora kuvurwa kigakira bitewe n’impamvu yabuteye muzo twabonye haruguru. Hari nanone igihe impamvu ibutera itabasha kuvurwa. Bisaba kuba hafi umuntu wahuye n’iki kibazo kuko ashobora kwiyanga akumva nta gaciro afite mu bandi. Ntago agomba guhezwa mu bandi, kubwirwa amagambo akomeretsa ahubwo bagomba kumuba hafi akaganirizwa ndetse akanahumurizwa kugira ngo bitamwongerera kwiheba.

Mugusoza rero nkuko twabibonye ubugumba ni indwara yugarije imiryango y’abatuye iyi si kandi ikunze kuyigiraho ingaruka zikomeye. Nibyiza rero ko mu gihe hari umuryango ubonye ko ufite ikikibazo wakihutira kugana muganga bityo bakagirwa inama y’uburyo babyitwaramo ndetse byanaba ngombwa bagatangira kwivuza hakiri kare kuko indwara y’ubugumba ivurwa kandi ikira. Mugihe nanone hari uwo uzi ufite iki kibazo, mwegere umuhumurize, umuganirize ndetse unamugire inama y’uko yabona ubuvuzi hakiri kare.

Umwanditsi: IRANKUNDA Divine umunyeshuri mu ishami ry’ubuvuzi muri Kamenuza y’u Rwanda campus ya huye

Editor:Cyubahiro Karangwa Verite

Editor:Dr MUTIMUKEYE Clarisse